Posts tagged Breach of Contract

Superior Court Applies Contract Choice Of Law Rules

AT&T Wireless Services, Inc.v. Federal Insurance Company, C.A. No. 030-12-232-WCC (June 25, 2007).

What law applies is often a thorny issue in complicated business cases. It is even more complicated when tort and contract claims are mixed together. Throw in a merger or two and it is a real mess. Here, the Superior Court has cut through this fog to decide that one state's law applies in the whole litigation.

First, the Court determined that the principles of the Restatement of Conflict Section 188 that governs choice of law in contract cases would apply. This was done even though tort claims were also raised by the complaint. The Court reasoned that as the tort claims were based on the existence of the contract, it met the parties' probable expectations to apply contract choice of law principles.

In doing so, the Court focused on the principle place of business of the insured in this contract dispute with its insurers. While that is one of the five factors set out in the Restatement, the Court gave it great weight under the unusual circumstances of this case.

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District Court Finds Claims Don't Implicate ERISA, Remands to Superior Court

Gallagher v. E.I. Du Pont de Nemours & Co., C.A. No. 07-47-JJF (D. Del. June 19, 2007).

In this suit for breach of contract, specific performance, and wages under the Delaware Wage Payment and Collection Act, Plaintiff filed the action in Superior Court. Defendant subsequently filed Notice of Removal to the District Court, asserting that the state law claims were completely preempted by ERISA. The Court held that Plaintiff’s claims did not implicate ERISA, and no grounds existed for federal jurisdiction. Plaintiff’s Motion to Remand to Superior Court was therefore granted. More ›

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Court of Chancery Limits Stockholder Agreement Buy Rights

Seidensticker v. The Gasparilla Inn Inc., C.A. No. 2555-CC (June 17, 2007).

Agreements among stockholders of privately held companies usually restrict the sale of company stock and give the other stockholders a right of first refusal. As with any contract, these agreements will be enforced by Delaware courts in accordance with their terms and not as the stockholders may wish years later when a dispute arises. Here, the Court enforced the time limits set out in such an agreement for when the option to acquire a fellow stockholder's shares must be exercised.

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District Court Rejects Federal Jurisdiction Over Breach Claims, Remands to Superior Court

CIT Commc’ns Fin. Corp. v. Level 3 Commc’ns, LLC, 2007 WL 951799 (D.Del. Mar. 29, 2007).

In this suit alleging breach of contract, unjust enrichment and conversion, Plaintiff moved for the District Court to remand the case to Delaware Superior Court, asserting that the District Court did not have subject matter jurisdiction. Plaintiff leased a telephone system to a company that later filed for bankruptcy. Through that bankruptcy, Defendants acquired the telephone system lease from the debtor, and the debtor was later liquidated pursuant to the Bankruptcy Court’s Confirmation Order. After the dissolution, Plaintiff filed several claims in the bankruptcy proceedings related to lease payments due by the debtor prior to Defendants’ acquisition of the lease. Plaintiff later filed the breach of contract, unjust enrichment and conversion claims against Defendants in the Delaware Superior Court, based on non-payment of Defendants’ non-payment of obligations under the acquired lease. Defendant filed notice of removal of the suit to federal court, alleging that the claims were pending in, and therefore related to, the bankruptcy proceedings, such that the District Court had subject matter jurisdiction over the claims. In seeking remand, Plaintiff argued that the claims against Defendants existed independent of the bankruptcy, such that the federal court did not have subject matter jurisdiction. More ›

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Builders Sued After Construction Delayed, Move for Summary Judgment; Superior Court Denies Motion as to Contract Claims, Grants Motion as to Tort Claims Under Economic Loss Doctrine

Brasby v. Morris, No. 05C-10-022-RFS, 2007 WL 949485 (Del. Super. Ct. Mar. 29, 2007).

A homebuyer brought this suit for breach of contract, negligence, and fraud after the builders delayed construction of his new modular home. The initial sales contract did not set a date for completion, but the parties entered into a subsequent, separate agreement setting a specific deadline. The defendants assured plaintiff they would finish by this date, but the buyer became concerned upon learning that no physical structure had been erected. So he demanded written assurance of timely performance or return of his deposit. The defendants responded, but informed the buyer that construction was 30 days behind schedule. 

The plaintiff, then, filed a complaint with the Delaware State Police seeking return of his deposit. And, the builders returned most of it. Soon thereafter, the buyer brought this action in Superior Court, and the builders moved for summary judgment.     

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Superior Court Upholds Grant of Summary Judgment to Homebuyer Who Exercised Unambiguous Termination Provision in Sales Contract

Wilmoth v. Kuhn, No. 06A-10-002-JEB, 2007 WL 925616 (Del. Super. Ct. Mar. 28, 2007).

Homebuyer entered into contract with defendant builder for purchase of a lot and construction of a home. The contract provided that the buyer’s obligations were contingent on being able to install an in-ground pool according to the buyer’s specifications. If such a pool could not be installed, the buyer could terminate and the seller had to return the deposit. 

A month after the buyers signed the contract, they informed the seller that they were unable to build a pool of their choice and thus were terminating the agreement. They asked the seller to return their $50,000 deposit. The seller rejected the termination and refused to turnover the funds.  More ›

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Court of Chancery Uses Parties' Actions To Decide Their Contract Rights

Viking Pump, Inc .v Liberty Mutual Insurance Company, C.A. No. 1465-VCS (Del. Ch. April 2, 2007).

Perhaps no rule of contract construction is more often applied to ambiguous contracts than the rule that the parties' actions show their intent. This decision applies that maxim with full force to decide the parties' obligations over a 20 year old dispute on insurance coverage.

While this decision turns on its unique facts, the Court's reasoning illustrates a method of proceeding that has implications for all contract disputes. First, the Court carefully considered the business problems faced by the parties at the time they entered into their contract. Next it considered how a rational business would have resolved those problems to fit the business needs. Then the Court reviewed what the parties actually did as evidence of what they intended their contract to mean. 

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District Court Grants Summary Judgment on Contract, Fraud Claims

Rimmax v. RC Components, Inc., 2007 WL 521214 (D.Del. Feb. 21, 2007).

Plaintiff asserted breach of contract, fraud, and intentional interference with contractual relations, arising out of a purported agreement between the parties to manufacture wheel covers for motorcycles. Under Plaintiff’s theory, Plaintiff and Defendant agreed to manufacture the covers based on allegedly confidential information and proprietary technology that Plaintiff provided. Plaintiff asserted that Defendant breached their contract to manufacture and supply the covers, then misappropriated Plaintiff’s confidential information, proprietary technology, and actual and potential contractual relations. The District Court of Delaware granted Defendant’s motion for summary judgment, finding that Plaintiff had not provided sufficient evidence on any of its claims to withstand the motion. More ›

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District Court Rejects Defenses to Breach of Contract, Awards Attorneys' Fees

Chase Manhattan Bank v. Iridium Africa Corp., 2007 WL 518440 (D.Del. Feb. 16, 2007)

In this breach of contract case, the defendant members of a bankrupt LLC asserted various defenses to their alleged contractual obligation to make capital contributions after the bankruptcy. The plaintiff lender had made an $800 million dollar loan to the LLC, and asserted that the members were contractually obligated to continue capital contributions despite the bankruptcy. The District Court entered summary judgment for the plaintiff on its breach of contract claim, but delayed entering final judgment until the parties could brief remaining “open issues”. The defendants argued that the plaintiff’s alternate theory of recovery should be dismissed as moot prior to a final entry of summary judgment for the plaintiff, that the plaintiff was not entitled to attorneys’ fees, and that the Court’s grant of summary judgment had left unresolved various defenses asserted by the defendants. The Court concluded that the entry of summary judgment was appropriate without addressing the plaintiffs’ alternate theories of recovery and did not leave any defenses unresolved, and that the plaintiff was contractually entitled to attorneys’ fees. The Court therefore found that the entry of final judgment for the plaintiff was appropriate. More ›

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District Court Grants One Motion for Summary Judgment, Denies Other Motion

Creedon Controls, Inc. v. Banc One Bldg. Corp., 2007 WL 149002 (D.Del. Jan. 22, 2007)

In this opinion, the District Court granted one co-defendant’s motion for summary judgment while denying the other’s. Defendant Banc One was involved in construction of two data centers, and contracted with Defendant Forest to coordinate all electrical power and data connections work on the project. Forest then contracted with Plaintiff as an electrical subcontractor on the project. Plaintiff later filed suit against both defendants, alleging that their inefficiency and improper behavior resulted in significant delays and cost increases.  Banc One moved for summary judgment as to Banc One because it had no contractual relationship with Plaintiff and no agency relationship with Forest could be established, and therefore it was not liable for damages to Plaintiff. Forest moved for partial summary judgment, arguing that its contract with Plaintiff expressly precluded damages for delay, and that it was merely an agent of Banc One and therefore could not be held liable for damages. The court granted Banc One’s motion, finding that there was no contractual relationship with Plaintiff and no jury could reasonably find that Forest served as Banc One’s agent. The court denied Forest’s motion, however, finding that there were genuine issues of material fact as to how the alleged delays arose and whether the contract provision precluding delay damages was enforceable. More ›

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District Court Denies Motion to Transfer

Rimmax Wheels LLC v. RC Components, 2007 WL 81829 (D.Del. Jan. 9, 2007)

In this order denying Defendant’s motion to transfer venue, the District Court reviewed the applicable standards and guidelines employed to evaluate motions to transfer. Plaintiff, a Delaware limited liability company holding patents for motorcycle rims, sued Defendant, a Kentucky corporation engaged in the manufacturing of motorcycle rims, for breach of contract, fraud, and intentional interference with contractual relations. Defendant moved for transfer of venue to the Western District of Kentucky, contending that it was the locale of the parties’ contractual negotiations, Defendant’s business, and two essential witnesses who refused to appear in Delaware to testify. After reviewing the standards developed by the U.S. Supreme Court, Third Circuit Court of Appeals, and District Court of Delaware, the court denied Defendant’s motion to transfer, finding that Delaware had a substantial connection to the case. More ›

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Court of Chancery Denies Reformation

Psilos Group Partners, L.P. v. Towerbrook Investors L.P., C.A. No. 1479-N (Del. Ch. January 17, 2007).

When the terms of a contract do not quite cover what one party, in retrospect, wished was included, there is a great temptation to argue the court should rewrite the deal to include what the disappointed party wants. Naturally, the courts reject such attempts, as in this case, when the other party to the contract objects to its rights being altered after the fact. This case illustrates this scenario. The court's method of analysis included not just reviewing the contract terms, but understanding the economics behind the deal. These facts show that the "reformation" the plaintiff sought would not have been agreed to had the parties thought about it when the contract was signed. That is important in denying the claim to change the contract terms, absent fraud or mistake. More ›

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Court of Chancery Clarifies Pleading Rules

Cypress Associates LLC v. Sunnyside Cogeneration Associates Project C.A. No. 1607-N (Del. Ch. January 17, 2007).

It is often plead that a party to a contract has acted unreasonably in withholding consent if the contract requires for the other party to take certain action. This decision holds that such a pleading, even as an affirmative defense where vagueness is a tradition, must state facts that support the claim. The opinion is also enlightening in applying long settled corporate law principles that a party to a contract has the right to act in its own self-interest in exercising its contractual rights. More ›

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Superior Court Denies Motion to Vacate Confessed Judgment

PNC Bank v. Sills, 2006 WL 3587247 (Del. Super. Ct. Nov. 30, 2006)

In this opinion denying Defendants’ motion to vacate confessed judgment against them, the Superior Court examined whether the Defendants had satisfied any of the considerations relevant to whether an entry of confessed judgment should be vacated. Defendants guaranteed a loan that Plaintiff made to a Delaware limited liability company for a boat. Plaintiff recorded a mortgage on the boat, and upon the limited liability company’s default, initiated proceedings in Superior Court to confess judgment against Defendants. After Defendants failed to appear to object to the entry of judgments, the Court issued final judgments against them. The mortgaged boat was then sold at a court approved judicial sale for less than the outstanding loan balance, and Plaintiff initiated proceedings to execute upon the confessed judgment to recover the deficiency. Defendants filed an objection to execution and the motion to vacate the confession of judgment under Superior Court Rule 60(b). The Court found that Defendants had received proper notice of the confessed judgment, had no meritorious defense to the confessed judgment, and did not use reasonable diligence in filing the motion to vacate. The motion was therefore denied. More ›

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Court of Chancery Denies Cancellation of Guaranty

Union Oil Company of California v. Mobil Pipeline Company, C.A. No. 19395-N (Del. Ch. December 15, 2006).

In this fact intensive decision the Court of Chancery reviewed the Delaware law on contract construction and remedies. It upheld the general rule that the unilateral mistake of one party to a contract that is not known by the other party will not justify the cancellation of the contract on the basis of that mistake.

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